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Science 29 August 1986:
Vol. 233. no. 4767, pp. 953 - 959
DOI: 10.1126/science.3755551
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Articles

Science, Vol 233, Issue 4767, 953-959
Copyright © 1986 by American Association for the Advancement of Science

articles

Cross-regulatory interactions among pair-rule genes in Drosophila

K Harding, C Rushlow, HJ Doyle, T Hoey, and M Levine

The pair-rule genes of Drosophila are required for the subdivision of the developing embryo into a repeating series of homologous body segments. One of the pair-rule genes, even-skipped (eve), appears to be particularly important for the overall segmentation pattern since eve- embryos lack all segmental subdivisions in the middle body region. On the basis of homeo box cross-homology we have isolated a gene, S72, which probably corresponds to eve. In embryo tissue sections S72 transcripts show a periodic distribution pattern. The eve- phenotype appears to involve altered patterns of fushi tarazu and engrailed expression. These and other findings suggest that pair-rule gene expression might involve hierarchical cross-regulatory interactions.


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even-skipped is not a pair-rule gene but has segmental and gap-like functions in Oncopeltus fasciatus, an intermediate germband insect.
P. Z. Liu and T. C. Kaufman (2005)
Development 132, 2081-2092
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The repressor activity of Even-skipped is highly conserved, and is sufficient to activate engrailed and to regulate both the spacing and stability of parasegment boundaries.
M. Fujioka, G. L. Yusibova, N. H. Patel, S. J. Brown, and J. B. Jaynes (2002)
Development 129, 4411-4421
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Kinetic analysis of segmentation gene interactions in Drosophila embryos.
A Nasiadka and H. Krause (1999)
Development 126, 1515-1526
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Groucho acts as a corepressor for a subset of negative regulators, including Hairy and Engrailed.
G. Jimenez, Z.'e. Paroush, and D. Ish-Horowicz (1997)
Genes & Dev. 11, 3072-3082
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Regulation of segmentation and segmental identity by Drosophila homeoproteins: the role of DNA binding in functional activity and specificity.
M. Biggin and W McGinnis (1997)
Development 124, 4425-4433
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Integration of the head and trunk segmentation systems controls cephalic furrow formation in Drosophila.
A Vincent, J. Blankenship, and E Wieschaus (1997)
Development 124, 3747-3754
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Segmentation and specification of the Drosophila mesoderm..
N Azpiazu, P A Lawrence, J P Vincent, and M Frasch (1996)
Genes & Dev. 10, 3183-3194
   Abstract »    PDF »
A conserved region of engrailed, shared among all en-, gsc-, Nk1-, Nk2- and msh-class homeoproteins, mediates active transcriptional repression in vivo.
S. Smith and J. Jaynes (1996)
Development 122, 3141-3150
   Abstract »    PDF »
Both the paired domain and homeodomain are required for in vivo function of Drosophila Paired.
P Miskiewicz, D Morrissey, Y Lan, L Raj, S Kessler, M Fujioka, T Goto, and M Weir (1996)
Development 122, 2709-2718
   Abstract »    PDF »
Early even-skipped stripes act as morphogenetic gradients at the single cell level to establish engrailed expression.
M Fujioka, J. Jaynes, and T Goto (1995)
Development 121, 4371-4382
   Abstract »    PDF »
Analysis of FGF function in normal and no tail zebrafish embryos reveals separate mechanisms for formation of the trunk and the tail.
K Griffin, R Patient, and N Holder (1995)
Development 121, 2983-2994
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Inserting the Ftz homeodomain into engrailed creates a dominant transcriptional repressor that specifically turns off Ftz target genes in vivo.
A John, S. Smith, and J. Jaynes (1995)
Development 121, 1801-1813
   Abstract »    PDF »
Two homeo domain proteins bind with similar specificity to a wide range of DNA sites in Drosophila embryos..
J Walter, C A Dever, and M D Biggin (1994)
Genes & Dev. 8, 1678-1692
   Abstract »    PDF »
Gap gene properties of the pair-rule gene runt during Drosophila segmentation.
C Tsai and J. Gergen (1994)
Development 120, 1671-1683
   Abstract »    PDF »
Complex regulation of early paired expression: initial activation by gap genes and pattern modulation by pair-rule genes.
T Gutjahr, E Frei, and M Noll (1993)
Development 117, 609-623
   Abstract »    PDF »
Differential regulation of transcription preinitiation complex assembly by activator and repressor homeo domain proteins..
F B Johnson and M A Krasnow (1992)
Genes & Dev. 6, 2177-2189
   Abstract »    PDF »
The Drosophila sloppy paired locus encodes two proteins involved in segmentation that show homology to mammalian transcription factors..
U Grossniklaus, R K Pearson, and W J Gehring (1992)
Genes & Dev. 6, 1030-1051
   Abstract »    PDF »
Dual role of the Drosophila pattern gene tailless in embryonic termini.
E Steingrimsson, F Pignoni, G. Liaw, and J. Lengyel (1991)
Science 254, 418-421
   Abstract »    PDF »
Temporal regulation of gene expression in the blastoderm Drosophila embryo..
G K Yasuda, J Baker, and G Schubiger (1991)
Genes & Dev. 5, 1800-1812
   Abstract »    PDF »
Functional dissection of the paired segmentation gene in Drosophila embryos..
D Morrissey, D Askew, L Raj, and M Weir (1991)
Genes & Dev. 5, 1684-1696
   Abstract »    PDF »
Transcriptional regulation of a pair-rule stripe in Drosophila..
S Small, R Kraut, T Hoey, R Warrior, and M Levine (1991)
Genes & Dev. 5, 827-839
   Abstract »    PDF »
Synthetic oligonucleotides recreate Drosophila fushi tarazu zebra-stripe expression..
J Topol, C R Dearolf, K Prakash, and C S Parker (1991)
Genes & Dev. 5, 855-867
   Abstract »    PDF »
Autoregulation of a segmentation gene in Drosophila: combinatorial interaction of the even-skipped homeo box protein with a distal enhancer element..
J Jiang, T Hoey, and M Levine (1991)
Genes & Dev. 5, 265-277
   Abstract »    PDF »
Mutations affecting the stability of the fushi tarazu protein of Drosophila..
K A Kellerman, D M Mattson, and I Duncan (1990)
Genes & Dev. 4, 1936-1950
   Abstract »    PDF »
The Drosophila neurogenic locus mastermind encodes a nuclear protein unusually rich in amino acid homopolymers..
D Smoller, C Friedel, A Schmid, D Bettler, L Lam, and B Yedvobnick (1990)
Genes & Dev. 4, 1688-1700
   Abstract »    PDF »
Spatial regulation of zerknullt: a dorsal-ventral patterning gene in Drosophila..
H J Doyle, R Kraut, and M Levine (1989)
Genes & Dev. 3, 1518-1533
   Abstract »    PDF »
Transcriptional control of Drosophila fushi tarazu zebra stripe expression..
C R Dearolf, J Topol, and C S Parker (1989)
Genes & Dev. 3, 384-398
   Abstract »    PDF »
Gene activities and segmental patterning in Drosophila: analysis of odd-skipped and pair-rule double mutants..
D E Coulter and E Wieschaus (1988)
Genes & Dev. 2, 1812-1823
   Abstract »    PDF »
Molecular analysis of even-skipped mutants in Drosophila development..
M Frasch, R Warrior, J Tugwood, and M Levine (1988)
Genes & Dev. 2, 1824-1838
   Abstract »    PDF »
Isolation of the Drosophila segmentation gene runt and analysis of its expression during embryogenesis..
J P Gergen and B A Butler (1988)
Genes & Dev. 2, 1179-1193
   Abstract »    PDF »
Spatial regulation of engrailed expression in the Drosophila embryo..
M P Weir, B A Edgar, T Kornberg, and G Schubiger (1988)
Genes & Dev. 2, 1194-1203
   Abstract »    PDF »
Region-specific alleles of the Drosophila segmentation gene hairy..
K Howard, P Ingham, and C Rushlow (1988)
Genes & Dev. 2, 1037-1046
   Abstract »    PDF »
Pair--rule segmentation genes regulate the expression of the homeotic selector gene, Deformed.
T. Jack, M. Regulski, and W. McGinnis (1988)
Genes & Dev. 2, 635-651
   Abstract »    PDF »
Expression and function of the segmentation gene fushi tarazu during Drosophila neurogenesis.
C. Doe, Y Hiromi, W. Gehring, and C. Goodman (1988)
Science 239, 170-175
   Abstract »    PDF »
In vitro transcription of the Drosophila engrailed gene..
W C Soeller, S J Poole, and T Kornberg (1988)
Genes & Dev. 2, 68-81
   Abstract »    PDF »
Establishment and refinement of segmental pattern in the Drosophila embryo: spatial control of engrailed expression by pair-rule genes..
S DiNardo and P H O'Farrell (1987)
Genes & Dev. 1, 1212-1225
   Abstract »    PDF »
Cytoarchitecture and the patterning of fushi tarazu expression in the Drosophila blastoderm..
B A Edgar, G M Odell, and G Schubiger (1987)
Genes & Dev. 1, 1226-1237
   Abstract »    PDF »
Structure of two genes at the gooseberry locus related to the paired gene and their spatial expression during Drosophila embryogenesis..
S Baumgartner, D Bopp, M Burri, and M Noll (1987)
Genes & Dev. 1, 1247-1267
   Abstract »    PDF »
Complementary patterns of even-skipped and fushi tarazu expression involve their differential regulation by a common set of segmentation genes in Drosophila..
M Frasch and M Levine (1987)
Genes & Dev. 1, 981-995
   Abstract »    PDF »
The expression and regulation of Sex combs reduced protein in Drosophila embryos..
P D Riley, S B Carroll, and M P Scott (1987)
Genes & Dev. 1, 716-730
   Abstract »    PDF »


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