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Science 3 December 1999:
Vol. 286. no. 5446, pp. 1928 - 1931
DOI: 10.1126/science.286.5446.1928
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Reports

A Lower Mantle Source for Central European Volcanism

Saskia Goes, *dagger Wim Spakman, Harmen Bijwaard

Cenozoic rifting and volcanism in Europe have been associated with either passive or active mantle upwellings. Tomographic images show a low velocity structure between 660- and 2000-kilometer depth, which we propose to represent a lower mantle upwelling under central Europe that may feed smaller upper-mantle plumes. The position of the rift zones in the foreland of the Alpine belts and the relatively weak volcanism compared to other regions with plume-associated volcanism are probably the result of the past and present subduction under southern Europe.

Vening Meinesz Research School of Geodynamics, Utrecht University, Post Office Box 80.021, 3508 TA Utrecht, Netherlands.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: saskia{at}tomo.ig.erdw.ethz.ch

dagger    Present address: Institut für Geophysik, ETH Hönggerberg, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland.

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