Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Science 26 July 2002:
Vol. 297. no. 5581, pp. 599 - 602
DOI: 10.1126/science.1074023
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Reports

Fork Reversal and ssDNA Accumulation at Stalled Replication Forks Owing to Checkpoint Defects

José M. Sogo,1* Massimo Lopes,2* Marco Foiani2dagger

Checkpoint-mediated control of replicating chromosomes is essential for preventing cancer. In yeast, Rad53 kinase protects stalled replication forks from pathological rearrangements. To characterize the mechanisms controlling fork integrity, we analyzed replication intermediates formed in response to replication blocks using electron microscopy. At the forks, wild-type cells accumulate short single-stranded regions, which likely causes checkpoint activation, whereas rad53 mutants exhibit extensive single-stranded gaps and hemi-replicated intermediates, consistent with a lagging-strand synthesis defect. Further, rad53 cells accumulate Holliday junctions through fork reversal. We speculate that, in checkpoint mutants, abnormal replication intermediates begin to form because of uncoordinated replication and are further processed by unscheduled recombination pathways, causing genome instability.

1 Institute of Cell Biology, ETH Hönggerberg, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
2 Istituto F.I.R.C. di Oncologia Molecolare, Via Adamello 16, 20141, Milano, Italy, and Dipartimento di Genetica e di Biologia dei Microrganismi, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria 26, 20133, Milano, Italy.
*   These authors contributed equally to this work.

dagger    To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: foiani{at}ifom-firc.it

Read the Full Text


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Identification of SMARCAL1 as a Component of the DNA Damage Response.
L. Postow, E. M. Woo, B. T. Chait, and H. Funabiki (2009)
J. Biol. Chem. 284, 35951-35961
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Elevated dNTP levels suppress hyper-recombination in Saccharomyces cerevisiae S-phase checkpoint mutants.
M. Fasullo, O. Tsaponina, M. Sun, and A. Chabes (2009)
Nucleic Acids Res.
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Mcm Complex: Unwinding the Mechanism of a Replicative Helicase.
M. L. Bochman and A. Schwacha (2009)
Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 73, 652-683
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Centromere Replication Timing Determines Different Forms of Genomic Instability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Checkpoint Mutants During Replication Stress.
W. Feng, J. Bachant, D. Collingwood, M. K. Raghuraman, and B. J. Brewer (2009)
Genetics 183, 1249-1260
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Human RPA phosphorylation by ATR stimulates DNA synthesis and prevents ssDNA accumulation during DNA-replication stress.
V. M. Vassin, R. W. Anantha, E. Sokolova, S. Kanner, and J. A. Borowiec (2009)
J. Cell Sci. 122, 4070-4080
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mammalian Rif1 contributes to replication stress survival and homology-directed repair.
S. B.C. Buonomo, Y. Wu, D. Ferguson, and T. de Lange (2009)
J. Cell Biol. 187, 385-398
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Arabidopsis Replication Protein A 70a is Required for DNA Damage Response and Telomere Length Homeostasis.
Y. Takashi, Y. Kobayashi, K. Tanaka, and K. Tamura (2009)
Plant Cell Physiol. 50, 1965-1976
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
HARPing on about the DNA damage response during replication.
R. Driscoll and K. A. Cimprich (2009)
Genes & Dev. 23, 2359-2365
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Fragile Genomic Sites Are Associated with Origins of Replication.
S. C. Di Rienzi, D. Collingwood, M. K. Raghuraman, and B. J. Brewer (2009)
Gen Biol Evol 2009, 350-363
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Fission yeast Ku protein is required for recovery from DNA replication stress.
T. Miyoshi, J. Kanoh, and F. Ishikawa (2009)
Genes Cells 14, 1091-1103
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Replication Stress Leads to Genome Instabilities in Arabidopsis DNA Polymerase {delta} Mutants.
D. Schuermann, O. Fritsch, J. M. Lucht, and B. Hohn (2009)
PLANT CELL 21, 2700-2714
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Localization of recombination proteins and Srs2 reveals anti-recombinase function in vivo.
R. C. Burgess, M. Lisby, V. Altmannova, L. Krejci, P. Sung, and R. Rothstein (2009)
J. Cell Biol. 185, 969-981
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Role of DNA damage-induced replication checkpoint in promoting lesion bypass by translesion synthesis in yeast.
V. Pages, S. R. Santa Maria, L. Prakash, and S. Prakash (2009)
Genes & Dev. 23, 1438-1449
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Replication fork reversal and the maintenance of genome stability.
J. Atkinson and P. McGlynn (2009)
Nucleic Acids Res. 37, 3475-3492
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Schizosaccharomyces pombe Rtf2 mediates site-specific replication termination by inhibiting replication restart.
T. Inagawa, T. Yamada-Inagawa, T. Eydmann, I. S. Mian, T. S. Wang, and J. Z. Dalgaard (2009)
PNAS 106, 7927-7932
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Polymerase Dynamics at the Eukaryotic DNA Replication Fork.
P. M. J. Burgers (2009)
J. Biol. Chem. 284, 4041-4045
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Remodeling of DNA replication structures by the branch point translocase FANCM.
K. Gari, C. Decaillet, M. Delannoy, L. Wu, and A. Constantinou (2008)
PNAS 105, 16107-16112
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Activity of Hydroxyurea against Leishmania mexicana.
H. Martinez-Rojano, J. Mancilla-Ramirez, L. Quinonez-Diaz, and N. Galindo-Sevilla (2008)
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 3642-3647
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mcm4 C-terminal domain of MCM helicase prevents excessive formation of single-stranded DNA at stalled replication forks.
N. Nitani, C. Yadani, H. Yabuuchi, H. Masukata, and T. Nakagawa (2008)
PNAS 105, 12973-12978
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Rad53 regulates replication fork restart after DNA damage in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
S. J. Szyjka, J. G. Aparicio, C. J. Viggiani, S. Knott, W. Xu, S. Tavare, and O. M. Aparicio (2008)
Genes & Dev. 22, 1906-1920
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Separate roles for the DNA damage checkpoint protein kinases in stabilizing DNA replication forks.
M. Segurado and J. F.X. Diffley (2008)
Genes & Dev. 22, 1816-1827
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Distinct Phosphatases Mediate the Deactivation of the DNA Damage Checkpoint Kinase Rad53.
A. Travesa, A. Duch, and D. G. Quintana (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 17123-17130
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Hjm/Hel308A DNA Helicase from Sulfolobus tokodaii Promotes Replication Fork Regression and Interacts with Hjc Endonuclease In Vitro.
Z. Li, S. Lu, G. Hou, X. Ma, D. Sheng, J. Ni, and Y. Shen (2008)
J. Bacteriol. 190, 3006-3017
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Loss of CHK1 function impedes DNA damage-induced FANCD2 monoubiquitination but normalizes the abnormal G2 arrest in Fanconi anemia.
J.-H. Guervilly, G. Mace-Aime, and F. Rosselli (2008)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 17, 679-689
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Minichromosome Maintenance Proteins Interact with Checkpoint and Recombination Proteins To Promote S-Phase Genome Stability.
J. M. Bailis, D. D. Luche, T. Hunter, and S. L. Forsburg (2008)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 28, 1724-1738
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
ATR-dependent pathways control hEXO1 stability in response to stalled forks.
M. El-Shemerly, D. Hess, A. K. Pyakurel, S. Moselhy, and S. Ferrari (2008)
Nucleic Acids Res. 36, 511-519
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cleavage of Stalled Forks by Fission Yeast Mus81/Eme1 in Absence of DNA Replication Checkpoint.
B. Froget, J. Blaisonneau, S. Lambert, and G. Baldacci (2008)
Mol. Biol. Cell 19, 445-456
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
RFCCtf18 and the Swi1-Swi3 Complex Function in Separate and Redundant Pathways Required for the Stabilization of Replication Forks to Facilitate Sister Chromatid Cohesion in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
A. B. Ansbach, C. Noguchi, I. W. Klansek, M. Heidlebaugh, T. M. Nakamura, and E. Noguchi (2008)
Mol. Biol. Cell 19, 595-607
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The processing of double-strand breaks and binding of single-strand-binding proteins RPA and Rad51 modulate the formation of ATR-kinase foci in yeast.
K. Dubrana, H. van Attikum, F. Hediger, and S. M. Gasser (2007)
J. Cell Sci. 120, 4209-4220
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification of Mutations That Decrease the Stability of a Fragment of Saccharomyces cerevisiae Chromosome III Lacking Efficient Replicators.
J. F. Theis, A. Dershowitz, C. Irene, C. Maciariello, M. L. Tobin, G. Liberi, S. Tabrizifard, M. Korus, L. Fabiani, and C. S. Newlon (2007)
Genetics 177, 1445-1458
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Human Mus81 and FANCB independently contribute to repair of DNA damage during replication.
Y. Nomura, N. Adachi, and H. Koyama (2007)
Genes Cells 12, 1111-1122
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Replication in Hydroxyurea: It's a Matter of Time.
G. M. Alvino, D. Collingwood, J. M. Murphy, J. Delrow, B. J. Brewer, and M. K. Raghuraman (2007)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 27, 6396-6406
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Replication Fork Reversal Occurs Spontaneously after Digestion but Is Constrained in Supercoiled Domains.
M. Fierro-Fernandez, P. Hernandez, D. B. Krimer, and J. B. Schvartzman (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 18190-18196
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cooperative Roles of Vertebrate Fbh1 and Blm DNA Helicases in Avoidance of Crossovers during Recombination Initiated by Replication Fork Collapse.
M. Kohzaki, A. Hatanaka, E. Sonoda, M. Yamazoe, K. Kikuchi, N. Vu Trung, D. Szuts, J. E. Sale, H. Shinagawa, M. Watanabe, et al. (2007)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 27, 2812-2820
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Single- and double-stranded DNA: building a trigger of ATR-mediated DNA damage response.
L. Zou (2007)
Genes & Dev. 21, 879-885
   Full Text »    PDF »
Anaphase Onset Before Complete DNA Replication with Intact Checkpoint Responses.
J. Torres-Rosell, G. De Piccoli, V. Cordon-Preciado, S. Farmer, A. Jarmuz, F. Machin, P. Pasero, M. Lisby, J. E. Haber, and L. Aragon (2007)
Science 315, 1411-1415
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Replication Fork Stalling at Natural Impediments.
E. V. Mirkin and S. M. Mirkin (2007)
Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 71, 13-35
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Increased Common Fragile Site Expression, Cell Proliferation Defects, and Apoptosis following Conditional Inactivation of Mouse Hus1 in Primary Cultured Cells.
M. Zhu and R. S. Weiss (2007)
Mol. Biol. Cell 18, 1044-1055
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Sap1 Promotes the Association of the Replication Fork Protection Complex With Chromatin and Is Involved in the Replication Checkpoint in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
C. Noguchi and E. Noguchi (2007)
Genetics 175, 553-566
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
From the Cover: Topological locking restrains replication fork reversal.
M. Fierro-Fernandez, P. Hernandez, D. B. Krimer, A. Stasiak, and J. B. Schvartzman (2007)
PNAS 104, 1500-1505
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ascorbate acts as a highly potent inducer of chromate mutagenesis and clastogenesis: linkage to DNA breaks in G2 phase by mismatch repair.
M. Reynolds, L. Stoddard, I. Bespalov, and A. Zhitkovich (2007)
Nucleic Acids Res. 35, 465-476
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ccr4 contributes to tolerance of replication stress through control of CRT1 mRNA poly(A) tail length.
R. N. Woolstencroft, T. H. Beilharz, M. A. Cook, T. Preiss, D. Durocher, and M. Tyers (2006)
J. Cell Sci. 119, 5178-5192
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The F-Box Protein Dia2 Overcomes Replication Impedance to Promote Genome Stability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
D. Blake, B. Luke, P. Kanellis, P. Jorgensen, T. Goh, S. Penfold, B.-J. Breitkreutz, D. Durocher, M. Peter, and M. Tyers (2006)
Genetics 174, 1709-1727
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Limiting amounts of budding yeast Rad53 S-phase checkpoint activity results in increased resistance to DNA alkylation damage.
V. Cordon-Preciado, S. Ufano, and A. Bueno (2006)
Nucleic Acids Res. 34, 5852-5862
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The budding yeast protein Chl1p is required to preserve genome integrity upon DNA damage in S-phase.
S. Laha, S. P. Das, S. Hajra, S. Sau, and P. Sinha (2006)
Nucleic Acids Res. 34, 5880-5891
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Human RECQ5{beta} helicase promotes strand exchange on synthetic DNA structures resembling a stalled replication fork.
R. Kanagaraj, N. Saydam, P. L. Garcia, L. Zheng, and P. Janscak (2006)
Nucleic Acids Res.
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Coordination of DNA synthesis and replicative unwinding by the S-phase checkpoint pathways.
M. N. Nedelcheva-Veleva, D. B. Krastev, and S. S. Stoynov (2006)
Nucleic Acids Res. 34, 4138-4146
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
RecQ helicases: lessons from model organisms.
J. A. Cobb and L. Bjergbaek (2006)
Nucleic Acids Res. 34, 4106-4114
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The phosphorylated C-terminal domain of Xenopus Cut5 directly mediates ATR-dependent activation of Chk1..
Y. Hashimoto, T. Tsujimura, A. Sugino, and H. Takisawa (2006)
Genes Cells 11, 993-1007
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Novel Role for Checkpoint Rad53 Protein Kinase in the Initiation of Chromosomal DNA Replication in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
P. R. Dohrmann and R. A. Sclafani (2006)
Genetics 174, 87-99
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of DNA Replication Machinery by Mrc1 in Fission Yeast.
N. Nitani, K.-i. Nakamura, C. Nakagawa, H. Masukata, and T. Nakagawa (2006)
Genetics 174, 155-165
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Promyelocytic leukemia nuclear bodies are predetermined processing sites for damaged DNA.
S. O. Boe, M. Haave, A. Jul-Larsen, A. Grudic, R. Bjerkvig, and P. E. Lonning (2006)
J. Cell Sci. 119, 3284-3295
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Bloom's Syndrome Helicase Can Promote the Regression of a Model Replication Fork.
C. Ralf, I. D. Hickson, and L. Wu (2006)
J. Biol. Chem. 281, 22839-22846
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Conserved Hsp10-like Domain in Mcm10 Is Required to Stabilize the Catalytic Subunit of DNA Polymerase-{alpha} in Budding Yeast.
R. M. Ricke and A.-K. Bielinsky (2006)
J. Biol. Chem. 281, 18414-18425
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
DNA damage responses and their many interactions with the replication fork.
P. R. Andreassen, G. P.H. Ho, and A. D. D'Andrea (2006)
Carcinogenesis 27, 883-892
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Smc5p Promotes Faithful Chromosome Transmission and DNA Repair in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
G. J. Cost and N. R. Cozzarelli (2006)
Genetics 172, 2185-2200
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Condensin Loaded onto the Replication Fork Barrier Site in the rRNA Gene Repeats during S Phase in a FOB1-Dependent Fashion To Prevent Contraction of a Long Repetitive Array in Saccharomyces cerevisiae..
K. Johzuka, M. Terasawa, H. Ogawa, T. Ogawa, and T. Horiuchi (2006)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 26, 2226-2236
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Differential involvement of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related protein kinases in hyperphosphorylation of replication protein A2 in response to replication-mediated DNA double-strand breaks.
R. Sakasai, K. Shinohe, Y. Ichijima, N. Okita, A. Shibata, K. Asahina, and H. Teraoka (2006)
Genes Cells 11, 237-246
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Stabilization of a Stalled Replication Fork by Concerted Actions of Two Helicases.
T. Tanaka and H. Masai (2006)
J. Biol. Chem. 281, 3484-3493
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Control of ribonucleotide reductase localization through an anchoring mechanism involving Wtm1.
Y. D. Lee and S. J. Elledge (2006)
Genes & Dev. 20, 334-344
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Human TopBP1 Ensures Genome Integrity during Normal S Phase.
J.-E. Kim, S. A. McAvoy, D. I. Smith, and J. Chen (2005)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 10907-10915
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Replisome instability, fork collapse, and gross chromosomal rearrangements arise synergistically from Mec1 kinase and RecQ helicase mutations.
J. A. Cobb, T. Schleker, V. Rojas, L. Bjergbaek, J. A. Tercero, and S. M. Gasser (2005)
Genes & Dev. 19, 3055-3069
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine Activates Cell-Cycle Arrest through Distinct Mechanisms Activated in a Dose-Dependent Manner.
D. I. Beardsley, W.-J. Kim, and K. D. Brown (2005)
Mol. Pharmacol. 68, 1049-1060
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Mutation in the STN1 Gene Triggers an Alternative Lengthening of Telomere-Like Runaway Recombinational Telomere Elongation and Rapid Deletion in Yeast.
S. Iyer, A. D. Chadha, and M. J. McEachern (2005)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 8064-8073
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Spontaneous Homologous Recombination Is Induced by Collapsed Replication Forks That Are Caused by Endogenous DNA Single-Strand Breaks.
N. Saleh-Gohari, H. E. Bryant, N. Schultz, K. M. Parker, T. N. Cassel, and T. Helleday (2005)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 7158-7169
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Molecular anatomy and regulation of a stable replisome at a paused eukaryotic DNA replication fork.
A. Calzada, B. Hodgson, M. Kanemaki, A. Bueno, and K. Labib (2005)
Genes & Dev. 19, 1905-1919
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Apoptosis in budding yeast caused by defects in initiation of DNA replication.
M. Weinberger, L. Ramachandran, L. Feng, K. Sharma, X. Sun, M. Marchetti, J. A. Huberman, and W. C. Burhans (2005)
J. Cell Sci. 118, 3543-3553
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Histone deposition protein Asf1 maintains DNA replisome integrity and interacts with replication factor C.
A. A. Franco, W. M. Lam, P. M. Burgers, and P. D. Kaufman (2005)
Genes & Dev. 19, 1365-1375
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Inhibition of Human Chk1 Causes Increased Initiation of DNA Replication, Phosphorylation of ATR Targets, and DNA Breakage.
R. G. Syljuasen, C. S. Sorensen, L. T. Hansen, K. Fugger, C. Lundin, F. Johansson, T. Helleday, M. Sehested, J. Lukas, and J. Bartek (2005)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 3553-3562
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mismatch Repair Proteins Are Activators of Toxic Responses to Chromium-DNA Damage.
E. Peterson-Roth, M. Reynolds, G. Quievryn, and A. Zhitkovich (2005)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 3596-3607
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Degradation of Human Exonuclease 1b upon DNA Synthesis Inhibition.
M. El-Shemerly, P. Janscak, D. Hess, J. Jiricny, and S. Ferrari (2005)
Cancer Res. 65, 3604-3609
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Unwind and slow down: checkpoint activation by helicase and polymerase uncoupling.
D. Cortez (2005)
Genes & Dev. 19, 1007-1012
   Full Text »    PDF »
Functional uncoupling of MCM helicase and DNA polymerase activities activates the ATR-dependent checkpoint.
T. S. Byun, M. Pacek, M.-c. Yee, J. C. Walter, and K. A. Cimprich (2005)
Genes & Dev. 19, 1040-1052
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Replication checkpoint kinase Cds1 regulates Mus81 to preserve genome integrity during replication stress.
M. Kai, M. N. Boddy, P. Russell, and T. S.-F. Wang (2005)
Genes & Dev. 19, 919-932
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
DNA Lesion-specific Co-localization of the Mre11/Rad50/Nbs1 (MRN) Complex and Replication Protein A (RPA) to Repair Foci.
J. G. Robison, L. Lu, K. Dixon, and J. J. Bissler (2005)
J. Biol. Chem. 280, 12927-12934
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Meiotic S-Phase Damage Activates Recombination without Checkpoint Arrest.
D. G. Pankratz and S. L. Forsburg (2005)
Mol. Biol. Cell 16, 1651-1660
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Genetic Screen for top3 Suppressors in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Identifies SHU1, SHU2, PSY3 and CSM2: Four Genes Involved in Error-Free DNA Repair.
E. Shor, J. Weinstein, and R. Rothstein (2005)
Genetics 169, 1275-1289
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Partial Depletion of Histone H4 Increases Homologous Recombination-Mediated Genetic Instability.
F. Prado and A. Aguilera (2005)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 1526-1536
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Temporal separation of replication and recombination requires the intra-S checkpoint.
P. Meister, A. Taddei, L. Vernis, M. Poidevin, S. M. Gasser, and G. Baldacci (2005)
J. Cell Biol. 168, 537-544
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Rad51-dependent DNA structures accumulate at damaged replication forks in sgs1 mutants defective in the yeast ortholog of BLM RecQ helicase.
G. Liberi, G. Maffioletti, C. Lucca, I. Chiolo, A. Baryshnikova, C. Cotta-Ramusino, M. Lopes, A. Pellicioli, J. E. Haber, and M. Foiani (2005)
Genes & Dev. 19, 339-350
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Limited TTP supply affects telomere length regulation in a telomerase-independent fashion.
M. Toussaint, I. Dionne, and R. J. Wellinger (2005)
Nucleic Acids Res. 33, 704-713
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mcl1p Is a Polymerase {alpha} Replication Accessory Factor Important for S-Phase DNA Damage Survival.
D. R. Williams and J. R. McIntosh (2005)
Eukaryot. Cell 4, 166-177
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Loss of Rereplication Control in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Results in Extensive DNA Damage.
B. M. Green and J. J. Li (2005)
Mol. Biol. Cell 16, 421-432
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Tel1/MRX-Dependent Checkpoint Inhibits the Metaphase-to-Anaphase Transition after UV Irradiation in the Absence of Mec1.
M. Clerici, V. Baldo, D. Mantiero, F. Lottersberger, G. Lucchini, and M. P. Longhese (2004)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 24, 10126-10144
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Diminished S-Phase Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Function Elicits Vital Rad53-Dependent Checkpoint Responses in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
D. G. Gibson, J. G. Aparicio, F. Hu, and O. M. Aparicio (2004)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 24, 10208-10222
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


To Advertise     Find Products

Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)