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Science 8 August 2008:
Vol. 321. no. 5890, pp. 848 - 851
DOI: 10.1126/science.1160575
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Reports

Dichotomous Dopaminergic Control of Striatal Synaptic Plasticity

Weixing Shen,1 Marc Flajolet,2 Paul Greengard,2 D. James Surmeier1*

At synapses between cortical pyramidal neurons and principal striatal medium spiny neurons (MSNs), postsynaptic D1 and D2 dopamine (DA) receptors are postulated to be necessary for the induction of long-term potentiation and depression, respectively—forms of plasticity thought to underlie associative learning. Because these receptors are restricted to two distinct MSN populations, this postulate demands that synaptic plasticity be unidirectional in each cell type. Using brain slices from DA receptor transgenic mice, we show that this is not the case. Rather, DA plays complementary roles in these two types of MSN to ensure that synaptic plasticity is bidirectional and Hebbian. In models of Parkinson's disease, this system is thrown out of balance, leading to unidirectional changes in plasticity that could underlie network pathology and symptoms.

1 Department of Physiology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
2 Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: j-surmeier{at}northwestern.edu

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