Materials Science: Composites

The Right Combination

Marc Lavine
Science 17 November 2006: 1099.
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Perspective

Composites in Armor

Paul J. Hogg
Science 17 November 2006: 1100-1101.
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Reviews

In Quest of Virtual Tests for Structural Composites

Brian Cox and Qingda Yang
Science 17 November 2006: 1102-1107.
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Nanoparticle Polymer Composites: Where Two Small Worlds Meet

Anna C. Balazs, Todd Emrick, and Thomas P. Russell
Science 17 November 2006: 1107-1110.
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This Week in Science

Editor summaries of this week's papers.
Science 17 November 2006: 1045.
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Editorial:
Don't Grandfather Coal Plants

M. Granger Morgan
Science 17 November 2006: 1049.
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Editors' Choice

Highlights of the recent literature.
Science 17 November 2006: 1050.
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NEW PRODUCTS

Science 17 November 2006: 1161.
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News of the Week

ELECTION 2006: Science Awaits Impact of Democratic Sweep in Congress

Jeffrey Mervis
Science 17 November 2006: 1060.
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ELECTION 2006: Environmentalists See a Greener Congress

Erik Stokstad
Science 17 November 2006: 1061.
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ELECTION 2006: Gordon Steps Up to House Science Post

Jeffrey Mervis
Science 17 November 2006: 1061-1062.
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ELECTION 2006: Stem Cell Supporters Hail Results, But Political Lessons Aren't Clear

Eli Kintisch
Science 17 November 2006: 1062-1063.
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ELECTION 2006: Scientists Get Out the Word

Yudhijit Bhattacharjee
Science 17 November 2006: 1063.
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ELECTION 2006: Elsewhere on the Election Front

Science 17 November 2006: 1063.
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GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE: False Alarm: Atlantic Conveyor Belt Hasn't Slowed Down After All

Richard A. Kerr
Science 17 November 2006: 1064.
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CHINESE DRUG RESEARCH: Novartis Invests $100 Million in Shanghai

Richard Stone and Hao Xin
Science 17 November 2006: 1064-1065.
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PHYSICS: Electronic Nuisance Changes Its Ways

Robert F. Service
Science 17 November 2006: 1065-1067.
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PUBLIC HEALTH: SARS and Bird Flu Veteran to Take WHO Helm

Gretchen Vogel
Science 17 November 2006: 1067.
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ScienceScope

Science 17 November 2006: 1065.
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Random Samples

Science 17 November 2006: 1057.
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Newsmakers

Science 17 November 2006: 1059.
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News Focus

PALEOGENETICS: The Dawn of Stone Age Genomics

Elizabeth Pennisi
Science 17 November 2006: 1068-1071.
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PALEOGENETICS: A Neandertal Legacy?

Michael Balter
Science 17 November 2006: 1071.
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HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY TURNS 20: High T_c: The Mystery That Defies Solution

Adrian Cho
Science 17 November 2006: 1072-1075.
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HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY TURNS 20: The Next Big Hurdle: Economics

Robert F. Service
Science 17 November 2006: 1075-1077.
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HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTIVITY TURNS 20: Determined Duo Scored a Victory for Small-Scale Science

Daniel Clery
Science 17 November 2006: 1078-1079.
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Letters

This Week's Letters

Science 17 November 2006: 1081.
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 Why Aren't There More Scientists Advocating for Funding?

Robert D. Wells and Peter Farnham
Science 17 November 2006: 1081.
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 Fighting Waterborne Infectious Diseases

R. C. Spear, Edmund Seto, Justin Remais, Elizabeth J. Carlton, George Davis, Dongchuan Qiu, Xiaonong Zhou, Song Liang;, and Alan Fenwick
Science 17 November 2006: 1081-1083.
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 Debating the Worth of NCCAM Research

Susan Folkman, Brian Berman, Stuart Bondurant, David Eisenberg, Aviad Haramati, Mary Jo Kreitzer, Fredi Kronenberg;, Donald M. Marcus, and Arthur P. Grollman
Science 17 November 2006: 1083-1084.
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Books et al.

EVOLUTION AND DEVELOPMENT: A Kernel Bears Fruit

Detlev Arendt
Science 17 November 2006: 1085-1086.
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BIOGRAPHY: A Fresh Look at Darwin

Janet Browne
Science 17 November 2006: 1086-1087.
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Books Received

Science 17 November 2006: 1087.
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Policy Forum

RESEARCH FUNDING: Enhanced: NIH in the Post-Doubling Era: Realities and Strategies

Elias A. Zerhouni
Science 17 November 2006: 1088-1090.
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Perspectives

PSYCHOLOGY: Money Is Material

Carole B. Burgoyne and Stephen E. G. Lea
Science 17 November 2006: 1091-1092.
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GEOLOGY: Why Do Freezing Rocks Break?

Bernard Hallet
Science 17 November 2006: 1092-1093.
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COMPUTER SCIENCE: What Do Robots Dream Of?

Christoph Adami
Science 17 November 2006: 1093-1094.
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CELL BIOLOGY: Sara Splits the Signal

Juergen A. Knoblich
Science 17 November 2006: 1094-1096.
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CHEMISTRY: Breaking the H₂ Marriage and Reuniting the Couple

Gregory J. Kubas
Science 17 November 2006: 1096-1097.
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BIOCHEMISTRY: RNA Polymerase, a Scrunching Machine

Jeffrey W. Roberts
Science 17 November 2006: 1097-1098.
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Brevia

Rapid Temporal Reversal in Predator-Driven Natural Selection

Jonathan B. Losos, Thomas W. Schoener, R. Brian Langerhans, and David A. Spiller
Science 17 November 2006: 1111.
As island lizards shift from ground to trees to escape predators, the selective pressure favors longer legs instead of the shorter legs favored on the ground. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Research Article

Sequencing and Analysis of Neanderthal Genomic DNA

James P. Noonan, Graham Coop, Sridhar Kudaravalli, Doug Smith, Johannes Krause, Joe Alessi, Feng Chen, Darren Platt, Svante Pääbo, Jonathan K. Pritchard, and Edward M. Rubin
Science 17 November 2006: 1113-1118.
The sequences of DNA fragments from Neanderthal bones date the divergence of humans and Neanderthals to about 370,000 years ago. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Reports

Resilient Machines Through Continuous Self-Modeling

Josh Bongard, Victor Zykov, and Hod Lipson
Science 17 November 2006: 1118-1121.
When it receives appropriate sensory information, a mobile robot can compensate for damage to one of its four legs by updating an internal model of itself. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Solid-State Thermal Rectifier

C. W. Chang, D. Okawa, A. Majumdar, and A. Zettl
Science 17 November 2006: 1121-1124.
Systematically increasing the amount of a platinum compound along the length of a boron or carbon nanotube allows heat to flow preferentially in the opposite direction. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|  

Reversible, Metal-Free Hydrogen Activation

Gregory C. Welch, Ronan R. San Juan, Jason D. Masuda, and Douglas W. Stephan
Science 17 November 2006: 1124-1126.
A phosphonium borate releases hydrogen upon heating above 100°C and reabsorbs it at room temperature, yielding a low-density metal-free system for H₂ storage. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Bedrock Fracture by Ice Segregation in Cold Regions

Julian B. Murton, Rorik Peterson, and Jean-Claude Ozouf
Science 17 November 2006: 1127-1129.
Experiments show that rocks are fractured by the segregation and growth of ice in cracks, not by the expansion that occurs as water freezes to ice. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

The Impact of Boreal Forest Fire on Climate Warming

J. T. Randerson, H. Liu, M. G. Flanner, S. D. Chambers, Y. Jin, P. G. Hess, G. Pfister, M. C. Mack, K. K. Treseder, L. R. Welp, F. S. Chapin, J. W. Harden, M. L. Goulden, E. Lyons, J. C. Neff, E. A. G. Schuur, and C. S. Zender
Science 17 November 2006: 1130-1132.
Boreal forest fires add to warming initially, as greenhouse gases are released, but the increased exposure of snow in burned areas produces a delayed reflection that induces cooling. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Solar Wind Neon from Genesis: Implications for the Lunar Noble Gas Record

Ansgar Grimberg, Heinrich Baur, Peter Bochsler, Fritz Bühler, Donald S. Burnett, Charles C. Hays, Veronika S. Heber, Amy J. G. Jurewicz, and Rainer Wieler
Science 17 November 2006: 1133-1135.
Isotopes of neon from the solar wind fractionate with depth in detectors on the Genesis spacecraft; a similar process may explain enigmatic neon isotopes in lunar soils. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Sara Endosomes and the Maintenance of Dpp Signaling Levels Across Mitosis

Christian Bökel, Anja Schwabedissen, Eugeni Entchev, Olivier Renaud, and Marcos González-Gaitán
Science 17 November 2006: 1135-1139.
As cells divide during development, daughter cells retain the growth signals received by their parents through equal partitioning of a subpopulation of tagged intracellular vesicles. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Abortive Initiation and Productive Initiation by RNA Polymerase Involve DNA Scrunching

Andrey Revyakin, Chenyu Liu, Richard H. Ebright, and Terence R. Strick
Science 17 November 2006: 1139-1143.
RNA polymerase bound to DNA begins transcription by pulling downstream DNA into itself to form a scrunched intermediate that provides the force for subsequent steps. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Initial Transcription by RNA Polymerase Proceeds Through a DNA-Scrunching Mechanism

Achillefs N. Kapanidis, Emmanuel Margeat, Sam On Ho, Ekaterine Kortkhonjia, Shimon Weiss, and Richard H. Ebright
Science 17 November 2006: 1144-1147.
RNA polymerase bound to DNA begins transcription by pulling downstream DNA into itself to form a scrunched intermediate that provides the force for subsequent steps. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

N-Linked Glycosylation of Folded Proteins by the Bacterial Oligosaccharyltransferase

Michael Kowarik, Shin Numao, Mario F. Feldman, Benjamin L. Schulz, Nico Callewaert, Eva Kiermaier, Ina Catrein, and Markus Aebi
Science 17 November 2006: 1148-1150.
Bacteria can add sugars to proteins after the latter have folded, whereas eukaryotic cells do so during the protein folding process. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

New Strategies for the Elimination of Polio from India

Nicholas C. Grassly, Christophe Fraser, Jay Wenger, Jagadish M. Deshpande, Roland W. Sutter, David L. Heymann, and R. Bruce Aylward
Science 17 November 2006: 1150-1153.
Use of monovalent vaccines may eliminate polio from areas where poor sanitation and high population density facilitate transmission and interfere with vaccine efficacy. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

The Psychological Consequences of Money

Kathleen D. Vohs, Nicole L. Mead, and Miranda R. Goode
Science 17 November 2006: 1154-1156.
In a laboratory experiment, individuals with money are less likely to seek help or offer assistance to other people. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|  

Generation of Gut-Homing IgA-Secreting B Cells by Intestinal Dendritic Cells

J. Rodrigo Mora, Makoto Iwata, Bertus Eksteen, Si-Young Song, Tobias Junt, Balimkiz Senman, Kevin L. Otipoby, Aya Yokota, Hajime Takeuchi, Paola Ricciardi-Castagnoli, Klaus Rajewsky, David H. Adams, and Ulrich H. von Andrian
Science 17 November 2006: 1157-1160.
Immune cells in the gut are programmed by other cells in the nearby lymphoid tissue and a vitamin A-related signal to make antibodies that protect against gut pathogens. Abstract »|   Full Text »|   PDF »|   Supporting Online Material »|